

Grain Oriented Electrical Steel (CRGO) is a specialized metal designed to conduct magnetic energy with incredible efficiency in one specific direction. This unique trait makes it perfect for building transformer cores, as it drastically cuts down on energy lost as heat. This results in more efficient power grids and lower operating costs.
Specification Parameters
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| Parameters of Grain Oriented Electrical Steel (GOES / CRGO) | ||
| Parameter Category | Key Characteristics/Values | Notes & Significance |
| Chemical Composition | C (Carbon): < 0.04% | The high silicon content is essential for increasing electrical resistivity and reducing eddy current losses. Carbon must be minimized and later removed. |
| Si (Silicon): High (2.9% - 3.3%) | ||
| Other: Low levels of Mn, S, Al. | ||
| Key Property: Core Loss | P<sub>1.5/50</sub> (W/kg): 0.9 - 1.5 | The primary quality metric. Measured at 1.5 or 1.7 Tesla and 50 Hz. Lower values are superior. High-Performance (HP) grades have even lower losses. |
| P<sub>1.7/50</sub> (W/kg): 1.2 - 1.9 | ||
| Key Property: Permeability | Magnetic Flux Density (B): | Indicates how easily the material magnetizes. B<sub>8</sub> is the flux density at 800 A/m, a standard measure of peak permeability. |
| B<sub>8</sub>: > 1.89 T | ||
| B<sub>800</sub>: ~1.8 - 1.92 T | ||
| Grain Orientation | Highly Goss Texture: {110}<001> | The defining feature. Crystals are oriented so their easy magnetic axis is aligned in the rolling direction, creating a highly anisotropic material. |
| Coating / Insulation | Forsterite (Mg2SiO4): Glass-like inorganic coating. | The Forsterite layer provides electrical insulation and adhesion. The tension coating induces stress to reduce magnetostriction and core loss. |
| Tension Coating: Applied phosphate or organic coating. | ||
| Thickness | Standard: 0.23 mm, 0.27 mm, 0.30 mm, 0.35 mm | Thinner gauges are used for higher frequencies (e.g., 0.23mm, 0.27mm) to further reduce eddy current losses. |
| Lamination Factor | ~96% - 97% | Also called stacking factor. The ratio of the effective magnetic cross-section to the physical cross-section of the stacked core. High density is desired. |
| Primary Application | Transformer Cores: | Used in the rolling direction to exploit the magnetic anisotropy. Its sole purpose is to improve the efficiency and reduce the energy loss of electromagnetic devices. |
| Power transformers, distribution transformers, current transformers. | ||